DEPRESSION AND SUICIDAL IDEAS IN YOUNG STUDENTS IN PARAGUAY, 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Depression has emerged as a major challenge in the field of public health, with significant implications for individual and social well-being. Over the past decade, the close relationship between depression and suicidality has been increasingly recognized, representing a monumental challenge to mental health on a global scale. This scientific article aims to explore this complex relationship in depth, addressing key aspects such as risk factors and underlying psychological mechanisms. By deepening this understanding, we seek not only to advance theoretically, but also to develop practical approaches for the early identification, appropriate treatment and prevention of the most serious consequences associated with depression and suicidal ideation. This study aims to contribute significantly to the field of mental health, providing crucial insights to address these emerging challenges globally.

Objective: To describe the levels of depression and suicidal tendencies in young people from an educational institution in the City of Capiatá during the second semester of 2023.

Methodology: This was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study and a non-probabilistic sample for convenience. Qualitative methods are used for a detailed exploration from the perspective of the participants, recognizing the influence of the natural environment on the phenomena studied. An exhaustive process of age group discrimination was carried out, along with meticulous assessment of suicidal risk levels using the Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale. This approach provided a structured and validated framework for understanding vulnerability to potential suicidal ideation or behavior. Additionally, the Goldberg Depression Scale was used to accurately assess the presence of depressive symptoms. Data analysis was performed with Microsoft Office Excel 2016, using a sample of 44 ninth grade students, selected specifically to understand in detail their experiences, opinions and behaviors at this academic level.

Results: They reveal a worrying prevalence of symptoms associated with depression and suicidal thoughts among the participating students. The urgent need to address this problem in the educational context is evident. For example, 81% of students show symptoms associated with depression, with low energy experienced by 82% of participants and difficulty concentrating by 80%. Furthermore, 48% of student’s express suicidal thoughts, while 36% have made attempts to take their own lives. These figures are shocking and underline the seriousness of the situation, emphasizing the urgent need for interventions to address mental health in the educational context.

Conclusion: The results of the study show a worrying prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts among students, highlighting the urgent need for mental health interventions in educational settings.